Impact Of The American Automotive Industry Essay - 1365 Words

The American automotive industry is a massive force, to say the least. The historical impacts of automotive technology and assembly line manufacturing has effected economies around the world and has also created world-wide ecological challenges. Governments, under pressure from environmentalists, have had to realize, create, implement, and constantly refine manufacturing and emission standards. Consumers, who foot the gas bill for vehicles, continue to express their desire for less expensive autos that require less fuel without sacrificing style, comfort, safety, or performance. One cannot discuss the impacts of the American automotive industry without giving due credit to Henry Ford. While Ford did not create the first gas powered car, nor the first assembly line, he did revolutionize both (Voice of America, 2012). He was an accomplished machinist and one day he discovered a gas powered machine called a Silent Otto (Voice of America, 2012). Henry was a self-motivated independent lea rner who relished innovative challenges. As his innovations developed marketable products, Ford insisted on making cars that were affordable for everyone. The improvements he made to assembly line manufacturing streamlined production and kept consumer costs low, even though he had to fight tooth and nail to retain this control. Ford s advancements in mass production lead to foreign expansion in Japan and Western Europe after both World War 1 and World War II (The AutomotiveShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Global Competition On The American Automotive Industry879 Words   |  4 PagesThe American automotive industry has been under a lot of pressure over recent years due to increased concern for the environment and increased global competition. An environmental scan on the American automotive industry shows that the global competition is a great cause for concern, new technology is providing an edge, emissions and laws regulating them are as tight as ever, and consumer opinion is reflec ting concern for this. Global Competition Global competition in recent years has had a greatRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Automotive Industry Essay997 Words   |  4 PagesEnvironmental Challenges Facing the American Automotive Industry Since Henry Ford invented the mass production techniques that made cars affordable to the public, the United State s economy has been dramatically influenced by this key component in its affluence. Exponentially, jobs were created because the auto business grew. Employees were needed for the constantly growing assembly lines. Consequently, Ford s model Ts became the primary preferred, affordable, mass manufactured cars. 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This paper outlines some of the key factors which should be considered. Environmental factors automotive designers and engineers have always said the main threats in the American Automoti ve industry are the environmental factorsRead MoreGlobal Competition Impact On The Automotive Industry Essay868 Words   |  4 Pages According to National academies press, the U.S. automotive industry is composed of three major U.S.-based manufacturers (Chrysler, Ford, and General Motors), several non-U.S.-based (transplant) vehicle assemblers, and a vast network of parts and components suppliers. Collectively, the industry produces and sells approximately 15 million cars and light trucks each year. And that manufacturing facilities include small specialty-parts plants, large foundries and engine and transmission plants, andRead MoreAuto Industry : The American Automotive Industry886 Words   |  4 Pagescurrently facing the American Automotive industry, especially in terms of environmental factors. The automotive industry has been around for a very long time, and is a relatively stable industry, but there are still areas where automotive companies need to adapt and if they fail to do so, they will be at a disadvantage against their peers, both here in America and also globally. In this essay I will break down a few of the issues that I believe are plaguing the American Automotive Industry. Since the 1960’sRead MoreEnvironmental Scanning Is A Critical Piece Of The Planning Process907 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction to Principles of Management. In Principles of management (p. 9). Nyack, N.Y.: Flat World Knowledge.) The American auto industry is no exception to this fact and must face the impact of shifts in global competition and changing consumer expectations on their industry. The global recession that started in 2007 has impacted the American and worldwide automobile industry by forcing corporations out of business, into bankruptcies and corporate restructurings. There have also been changesRead MoreAutomotive Industry Essay711 Words   |  3 PagesThe housing industry isn’t the only American business that has gone through withdrawals in the last fifteen years. In 2008, the automotive industry hit a critical point when the United States government was forced to bail out General Motors and Chrysler. However, this wasn’t the first time the autom otive industry had struggled in this nation. The years following the United States’ involvement in the Vietnam War saw many American automotive companies losing their profits. As with any business, theRead MoreAutomotive Industry And Porter s Five Forces1368 Words   |  6 Pages Automotive Industry and Porter’s Five Forces Shawn D Schubach American Military University Abstract According to the AMA dictionary of Business and Management (2013), Porter’s Five Forces can be described as a â€Å"Framework developed by business professor Michael Porter for analyzing the balance of power within a particular industry and its profitability. The following are the five forces: Bargaining Power of Buyers, Bargaining Power of Suppliers, Competitive Rivalry in the IndustryRead MoreEnvironmental Challenges Facing The American Auto Industry1385 Words   |  6 Pages Environmental challenges facing the American auto industry xxxxxx xxxxxx University of the People Word count: words Abstract This paper covers the current environmental challenges the face the American auto industry as a whole and the impact that has. Environmental challenges facing the American auto industry The American Auto industry is well known world wide with many manufacturers carving a path for their business and brand, most becoming household

Goals And Objectives Of Nursing - 788 Words

Goals and Objectives Theoretical Framework Nursing theories are used to guide nurses, Advanced Practice Registered Nurses (APRN), and doctors as they develop a perspective about the holistic view of the patient. Theories serve as a foundation in nursing because it improves the outcomes of patient care. Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring, places a big focus on gaining a trusting relationship with patients and their families while caring for them. Treating patients holistic being is a major focus that I have seen while treating patients. The transpersonal caring relationship is establishing a trusting relationship with the patient and their family. Caring for the person as a whole is the main goal of the transpersonal caring relationship. The APRN implements transpersonal caring relations when the focus is on caring, healing and the person as a whole instead of focusing on the disease or illness of the patient. The caring moment occurs when the APRN and the patient comes together to establish a caring relationship . The APRN and the patient becomes aware of the caring moment because it leads to appropriate decision making. The healthcare provider would then become a part of the patient’s life history. APRN includes the patient in their health decision making that promotes healing and understanding of their disease or illness. Caring for a patient doesn’t mean just focusing on the disease itself, but also focusing on the mind and spirit. As related to nursing, the APRNShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of A Nursing Internship Experience Based On An Educational Program For Wound Assessment And Documentation1451 Words   |  6 Pagesgraduate nursing practicum experience in developing an educational program for wound assessment and documentation. The nursing practicum is an opportunity for graduate nurse to apply theoretical knowledge and gain experience based on personal goals and learning objectives. It will also include practicum goals, objective, program effectiveness, and the practi cum contribution to the graduate nurse professional development. Achievement of Goals and Learning Objectives The goals and objectives of theRead MoreEvaluating The Learning Environment For Nursing Education Curriculum And Professional Development809 Words   |  4 PagesPracticum Experience The purpose of this practicum is to provide this nursing education student with the opportunity to participate in the teaching/evaluation of nurses at various educational levels in the hospital setting. This focused practicum involves course preparation, actual classroom teaching, evaluation methods (testing, conferencing), and participation in meetings. This practicum will provide this student with a variety of teaching strategies, knowledge, skills, and evaluative approachesRead MoreEvaluation Of A Bsn Program876 Words   |  4 PagesCognitive Domain. 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Business for Australian Garment and Retail Companies-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theBusiness for Australian Garment and Retail Companies. Answer: Company name and details Sainsbury is 2nd largest supermarket chain in United Kingdom with 16.9% supermarket sector share in UK. It was established by John James Sainsbury in 1869. Their values allow them to play the lead role in managing the challenges that are faced by their customers regularly like wastages of household foods. They deal in various products through Sainsburys groceries, Tu, Argos, Sainsburys bank, Sainsburys Home and Habitat. Their success stories are depended upon the five strong pillars. Further, they know their customers better than other; offer them exceptional services and products at minimum possible prices (Sainsburys.co.uk, 2017). Industry background It is clearly evident that the supermarket industry of UK is highly competitive and strongly dominated by the leading firms like ASDA, Tesco and Sainsbury. UKs supermarket industry is oligopolistic and pricing strategies of the supermarket is analysed through the game theory approach (Child Hsieh, 2014). It is further identified that various growers and farmers are suffering due to the up-going monopsony power of leading supermarkets. (Source: Economicsonline.co.uk) However, unsurprisingly the increase of big supermarket chains has been coincided with decrease in the independent high street retailer. Country and market selected Though they are best known for being the food retailer, various other non-food items are there like electrical products, clothing, DVDs, music and toys. After their huge success in supermarket sector of UK, they are planning now to enter in the Australian clothing sector with the clothing for children and women (Venkatesh, Rathi Patwa, 2015). To be successful in the new market, everything shall be displayed appropriately, expectation of the customers shall be met and their preferences shall be understood properly (Bruzzi Gibson (Eds.), (2013). Their retail experience will be bonus; however, the crucial part will be the courteous and helpful attitude and the confidence for promoting their product in the Australian market actively. Internal analysis The internal analysis provides the opportunities, threats, weaknesses and strengths of the industry and this analysis is used to help the organization to assess the future direction of the intended business. STRENGTH WEAKNESSES Australia has strong economy and the people are interested about new clothing and fashion trends High margin of profit for clothing items They have established practices for commerce As their business language is English, it will not create language problem Flexible for small scale as well as large scale clothing businesses. Lost resources and skills Limited assistance for creative business Availability of local clothing market Slow adoption for environmental and ethical practices Lack if training facilities with regard to the workplace. Lack of solutions for TCF techniques under IT OPPORTUNITIES THREATS Local and overseas niche market Development of the best practices for manufacturing Full utilisation for the design innovation Utilisation and implementation of innovative and high-tech clothing Uncertainty regarding the support from government Preference of the customer regarding the clothing style mat change anytime Threat from the low production cost nations (Kamal Deegan, 2013). External analysis Macroenvironmental or external factors involve the norms, culture, lifestyle, population and demographic changes. These factors have great impact on the clothing industry of Australia in various ways. Business owners do not have much control on the external factors and the effect in altering them is minimal. For instance, the clothing organizations do not prefer to create large scale clothing that does not fall under the societys norms. On the contrary, they will create the style that will appeal to various cultures. STRENGTH WEAKNESSES Superior craftsmanship Strong presence under the leading commercial centres Rich culture and history Largest variety with exclusivity Limited number of customer for premium priced clothes Preference of the customers can be changed without any prior sign OPPORTUNITIES THREATS Revamps of new image Growing market for the luxury clothes in Australia Continuous support and innovation Intense level of competition Increasing the advocacy against usage of animal skin Production of the counterfeiting exposes biggest challenges (Azizul Islam Jain, 2013). Conclusion From the above analysis, it is concluded that Sainsburys is one of the most successful among the supermarket chain of UK. However, to enter into Australian market with their clothing business they 1st analyse the external as well as internal analysis of the Australian clothing industry to be successful on the long run. However, the decline of various pars manufacturing sectors from Australia is biggest opportunity for retaining the displaced workers as the skilled craftsmen to manufacture best quality garments as per the preference of Australian people. References Azizul Islam, M., Jain, A. (2013). Workplace human rights reporting: a study of Australian garment and retail companies.Australian Accounting Review,23(2), 102-116. Bruzzi, S., Gibson, P. C. (Eds.). (2013).Fashion Cultures Revisited: Theories, Explorations and Analysis. Routledge. Child, J., Hsieh, L. H. (2014). Decision mode, information and network attachment in the internationalization of SMEs: A configurational and contingency analysis.Journal of world Business,49(4), 598-610. Kamal, Y., Deegan, C. (2013). Corporate Social and Environment?related Governance Disclosure Practices in the Textile and Garment Industry: Evidence from a Developing Country.Australian accounting review,23(2), 117-134. Sainsburys.co.uk/. (2017). Sainsburys.co.uk. Retrieved 16 August 2017, from https://www.sainsburys.co.uk/ Venkatesh, V. G., Rathi, S., Patwa, S. (2015). Analysis on supply chain risks in Indian apparel retail chains and proposal of risk prioritization model using Interpretive structural modeling.Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services,26, 153-167.

Memories of Abuse Essay Example For Students

Memories of Abuse Essay Memory is the mental faculty of retaining and recalling past experiences. A repressed memory is one that is retained in the sub conscious mind, where one is not aware of it but where it can still affect both conscious thoughts When memory is distorted or confabulated, the result can be what has been called the False Memory Syndrome: a condition in which a persons identity and interpersonal relationships are entered around a memory of traumatic experience which is objectively false but in which the person strongly believes. Note that the syndrome is not characterized by false memories as such. We all have memories that are inaccurate. Rather, the syndrome may be diagnosed when the memory is so deeply ingrained that it orients the individuals entire personality and lifestyle, in turn disrupting all sorts of other adaptive behaviors. The analogy to personality disorder is intentional. False memory syndrome is especially destructive because the person assiduously avoids confrontation with any evidence that might challenge the memory. Thus it takes on a life of its own, encapsulated and resistant to correction. The person may become so focused on the memory that he or she may be effectively distracted from coping with real problems in There are many models which try to explain how memory works. Nevertheless, we do not know exactly how memory works. One of the most questionable models of memory is the one which assumes that every experience a person has had is recorded in memory and that some of these memories are of traumatic events too terrible to want to remember. These terrible memories are locked away in the sub conscious mind, i.e. repressed, only to be remembered in adulthood when some triggering event opens the door to the unconscious. And, both before and after the repressed memory is remembered, it causes physical and Some people have made an effort to explain their pain, even cancer, as coming from repressed memories of incest in the body. Scientists have studied related phenomenon such as people whose hands bleed in certain religious settings. Presumably such people, called stigmatics, are not revealing unconscious memories of being crucified as young children, but rather are demonstrating a fascinating psychogenic anomaly that springs from their conscious fixation on the suffering of Christ. Similarly, it is possible that conscious fixation on the idea that one was sexually abused might increase the frequency of some physical symptoms, regardless of whether or not the abuse really occurred. (Lindsay Read, 1994) This view of memory has two elements: (1) the accuracy element and (2) the causal element. The reason this model is questionable is not because people dont have unpleasant or painful experiences they would rather forget, nor is it claiming that children often experience both wonderful and brutal things for which they have no conceptual or linguistic framework and hence are incapable of understanding them, much less relating it to others. It is questionable because this model maintains that because (a) one is having problems of functioning as a healthy human being and (b) one remembers being abused as a child that therefore (A) one was abused as a child and (B) the childhood abuse is the cause of ones adulthood problems. There is no evidence that supports the claim that we remember everything that we experience. In fact, there is plenty of evidence to support the claim that it is impossible for us to even attend to all the perceptual elements of any given experience, much less to recall them all. There is no evidence to support the claim that all memories of experiences happened as they remembered to have happened or that they have even happened at all. And there is no evidence to support the claim that subjective certainty about the accuracy of memories or the vividness of memories significantly correlates with accuracy. Finally, the claim of a causal connection between abuse and health or behavior does not warrant concluding that ill health, mental or physical, is a sign of having been abused. This model is the basis for a number of pseudoscientific works on child abuse by self-proclaimed experts such as Ellen Bass, E. Sue Blum, Laura Davis, Beverly Engel, Beverly Holman, Wendy Maltz and Mary Jane Williams. Through communal reinforcement many empirically unsupported notions, including the claim that about half of all women have been sexually abused, get treated as a fact by many people. Psychologist Carol Tavris writes In what can only be called an incestuous arrangement, the authors of these books all rely on one anothers work as supporting evidence for their own; they all recommend one anothers books to their readers. If one of them comes up with a concocted statisticsuch as more than half of all women survivors of childhood sexual trauma the numbers are traded like baseball cards, reprinted in every book and eventually enshrined as fact. Thus the cycle of misinformation, faulty statistics and unvalidated assertions maintains itself. (Tavris, 1993) The only difference between this group of experts and say, a group of physicists is that the child abuse experts have achieved their status as authorities not by scientific training but by either (a) experience they were victims themselves or they have treated victims of abuse in their capacity as social workers or (b) they wrote a book on child abuse. The child abuse experts are not trained in scientific research which is not a comment on their ability to write or to do therapy, but which does seem to be one reason for their scientific illiteracy. (Tavris, 1993) Here are a few of the unproved, unscientifically researched notions that are being bandied around by these child abuse experts: One, if you doubt that you were abused as a child or think that it might be your imagination, this is a sign of post-incest syndrome. Two, if you can not remember any specific instances of being abused, but still have a feeling that something abusive happened to you, it probably did. Three, when a person can not remember his or her childhood or have very fuzzy memories, incest must always be considered as a possibility. And four, If you have any suspicion at all, if you have any memory, no matter how vague, it probably really happened. crime ; punishment Essay Also, contrary to what many believe, hypnosis does not aid memorys accuracy because subjects are extremely suggestible while under hypnosis. (Loftus, 1980) It is possible to create false memories in peoples minds by suggestion. The mind does not record every detail of an event, but only a few features; we fill in the rest on what must have been. For an event to make it to long term storage, a person has to perceive it, encode it and rehearse it tell about it or it decays. (This seems to be the major mechanism behind childhood amnesia, the fact that children do not develop long term memory until roughly age three.) Otherwise, research finds, even emotional experiences we are sure we will never forget the Kennedy assassination, the Challenger explosion will fade from memory, and errors will creep into the account that remain.(Travis, 1993) Research articles and court testimony confirm the wide spread use of memory enhancement techniques, in the belief that these will help recover accurate memories. These techniques include hypnosis, sodium amytal, dream interpretation, guided imagery, journaling, body massages, participation in survivor groups and reading of self help books. In the summer of 1993, the American Medical Association passed a resolution warning of the dangers of misapplication in the use of these techniques. In June of 1994 they issued a warning about all recovered memories. Both the AMA and the American Psychiatric Association have stated: .. there is no completely accurate way of determining the validity of reports in the absence of corroborating information.note 3 The problem with the practices mentioned above is that when they are used they increase the risk of influence and suggestibility. Why would someone remember something so horrible if it really did not happen? This is a haunting question, but there are several possible explanations which might shed light on some of the false memories. A pseudomemory, for example, may be a kind of symbolic expression of troubled family relationships. There may be a cultural climate in our society in which the belief in the relationship between sexual abuse and individual pathology is nurtured. It may be that in such a climate people more readily believe things happened when they didnt. When people enter therapy, they do so to get better. They want to change. People also tend to look for some explanation for why they have a problem. Clients come to trust the person they have chosen to help them. Because they are trying to get better, clients tend to rely on the therapists opinion. If the therapist believes that the reason that the client has a problem is because of some past trauma, and especially if the therapist believes that the patient will not get better unless he or she remembers the trauma, the patient will work to find what he or she thinks is a trauma memory in order to get better. Richard Ofshe, Ph.D. and Ethan Watters noted that, No one not the patients, therapists, parents or critics of recovered memory therapy question that this therapy is an intensely difficult and painful experience. That the pain of therapy is real should not be accepted, however, as an argument that the memories uncovered are accurate. Ones emotional reaction to a perceived memory need not correlate with the veracity of that event, but rather only to whether one believes that event to be true.note 4 Therapists may believe that they are helping clients and improving a culture in which sex abuse is far too prevalent. A patient may find group acceptance in the cadre of survivors and find the reason for problems. Patients suffering from severe psychological symptoms are known to engage in what is called, effort after meaning (Bass Davis, 1988), in that they seek some explanation, however remote, for suffering. So, should accounts of repressed memory be dismissed out of hand? Of course not! But there should be an attempt to corroborate such memories with independent evidence and testimony before drawing conclusions about actual abuses or crimes. Such accounts should be taken very seriously and should be critically examined, giving them all the attention and investigative analysis we would give to any allegation of crime. But we should not rush to judgement, either about the accuracy of the memories of about the causal connection between past experiences and present problems. We should neither automatically reject as false memories which have been repressed for years and are suddenly recollected, nor should we automatically accept such memories as true. In terms of verification of their accuracy, these memories should not be treated any differently than any other type of memory. 1. Yet, it has happened. In a modern version of the Salem witch hunts, the McMartin pre-school case exemplifies the very worst in institutionalized justice on the hunt for child molesters. See, Mason, M. (Sept. 1991). The McMartin case revisited: the conflict between social work and criminal justice, Social Work, v. 36, no.5. 391-396. on evaluating the credibility of children as witnesses in sexual 2. See, Council on Scientific Affairs, (1994). American Medical 3. See, Council on Scientific Affairs, (1994). American Medical 4. See, Ofshe, R., Watters, E., (1994). Making Monsters: False Memory, Psychotherapy and Sexual Hysteria. p.109. Bibliography:REFERENCES Bass, E. Davis, L. , (1988). The Courage To Heal, p.173. Council on Scientific Affairs, (1994). American Medical Association, June 16. Hyman, I.E. Jr. , Husband, T.H. Billings, F.J. , (1995). Prompting false childhood memories. Applied Cognitive Psychology, 9, pp.181-197. Lindsay, S. Read, D., (1994). Applied Cognitive Psychology, 8, p. 302. London., (1995). Independent Practitioner, March 1, 64. Loftus, E., (1980). Memory, Surprising New Insights Into How We Remember and Why We Forget, Reading, Mass,: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co. Loftus, E., Ketcham, K., (1987). Eye Witness Testimony: Civil and Criminal, New York, N. Y.: Kluwer Law Book Publishers. Loftus, E., (1980). Eye Witness Testimony, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press. Mason, M., (Sept. 1991). The McMartin case revisited: the conflict between social work and criminal justice, Social Work, 36, no. 5, pp.391-396. Ofshe, R., ; Watters, E., (1994). Making Monsters: False Memory, Psychotherapy and Sexual Hysteria. p.109. Tavris, C., (1993). Hysteria and the Incest Survivor Machine, Sacramento Bee, Forum section, January 17, p.1.

Total Quality Management Pioneers, Elements and Trends

Total Quality Pioneers The connotation of quality differs from person to person depending on individual considerations and interest. Organizations also have distinct internal measures or features of goods or services that they consider to be of adequate standard.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Total Quality Management: Pioneers, Elements and Trends specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Nonetheless, quality can be defined a feature or aspect of something or observable fact that can be seen and understood, and may be gauged, but which is immeasurable. Such attributes may include; attractiveness, sense, or taste. On the other hand, total quality is a technique of business that improves the tenets of consumer satisfaction. This eventually increases the competitive edge of an organization through constant enhancement of quality of all assets and commodities; such as products, services, human resources, and procedures. The aspects of total quality include; constant improvement of the value of products, practices, services, but lowering expenditure. Total Quality elements The issue of total quality is much more complex than quality. Generally, total quality encompasses the outcomes, quality of human resources, and practices. Pioneers of total quality comprise an imperative class of thinkers whose beliefs continue to uphold the concept of total quality in the world of business. Total quality is believed to be described and gauged by the end clients who benefit from a product or service; therefore, clients and business organizations are the main stakeholders to the creation and maintenance of total quality. It is notable that the manner in which quality pioneers employed the elements of total quality made the academics flourishing because they established a mechanism that yielded the greatest level of quality that end clients approved of (Goetsch, Davis, 2010; Agarwal, Kumar, Swati, Tyagi, 2011). The useful elements The contemporary world of excellent services and standard commodities has become what it is; thanks the observation of the aspects of quality in all kinds of business operations. For instance, Deming’s beliefs on quality are important in the contemporary environment because today consumers are aware that defective products should not be consumed.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This forces companies to eliminate faults on their products by setting up internal mechanisms aimed at preventing errors before they happen. Deming improved quality and guaranteed the consumer value for his or her money, by reining in businesses whose main agenda was to be successful profit-wise, regardless of customer satisfaction. His philosophy stressed the significance of taking care of consumer interest first. Total quality means researching on consumer habits and preferenc es and employing the facts in the preparation and presentation of products. Future trends What the future could be having in store especially on quality issues is that management will likely resort to offering training services for newly recruited staff, and stress the need for total quality management to staff. Total quality management is likely to be practiced through the business chain, from suppliers, to production processes, to promotion of a product, and eventually to the grateful consumers. All business dealings will employ total quality management, even as the bar of the principle will be expected to continue to be raised. The principle of total quality will enable executives, staff and consumers to make better decisions. Although, eventually the consumer will enjoy a freehand choosing the best quality from the market, it would be better if companies presented products of high value to the market (Jafar et al, 2010). References Agarwal, P. K., Kumar, P., Swati, G., Tyagi, A . K. (Apr, 2011). Implementing total Quality Management in Professional Educational Institutes in India. Advances in Management, 4(4), 18-22. Goetsch, D. L., Davis, S. B. (2010). Quality management for organizational excellence: Introduction to total quality (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall Jafar, A., Mohammad, T., Fariba, E., Mehrdad, G.C. (Aug, 2010). Effect of the Quality Costing System on Implementation and Execution of Optimum Total Quality Management. International Journal of Business Management, 5(8), 19-26.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Total Quality Management: Pioneers, Elements and Trends specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Total Quality Management: Pioneers, Elements and Trends was written and submitted by user Leilani Pennington to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Governments of Ancient Greece essays

Governments of Ancient Greece essays There were three main governments in Ancient Greece, oligarchy, tyranny, and democracy. The most succesful for the Greeks was democracy. Tyranny and oligarchy were both used and were succesful to an extent but not nearly as succesful as democracy. Tyranny came about because of trade and industry which created several wealthy individuals. These individuals seized power because they were forced by the aristocracy. These people who took the power were called tyrants which is where the word tyranny comes from. Tyranny was favored by both peasants and the wealthy because they were tired of the aristocracy dominating their city-state. The power of the tyrants was kept by hiring soldiers and once the tyrants gained their power they began to build marketplaces, temples, and walls in their city-state. The things they built gained the popularity of the tyrants which led to somewhat of a spread in tyranny but this kind of government finally came to an end by the end of the sixth century due to Greeks believing in the rule of law. After tyrants had fallen, government moved in two directions, democracy and oligarchy. Sparta, a powerful Greek city-state, was an example of a powerful and very well known oligarchy. Oligarchy meant rule by few. The Spartan Government was headed by two kings. These leaders headed their Spartan army in its campaigns. Every year, the Spartans elected five mean referred to as the ephors. The ephors were responsible for the education of the youth and the conduct of all citizens. To vote on issues not covered by the ephors, a council of two kings and sixty elders was made. The Spartans decided to turn their backs to the ouside world in order to secure their state. The Spartans were not allowed to travel anywhere unless for military reasons. Foreigners who had ideas were turned away. This security plan led to Spartans not being able to study philosophy, literature, or th ...

Diverse workforce management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Diverse workforce management - Essay Example Diverse workforce is necessary for the successful management of cross cultural business. For example, it is impossible for American company Apple to manage their business successfully in China with the help of American employees alone. It should be noted that the locals have better knowledge about the local market and hence their services are essential for Google like big international companies to manage their business successfully at different parts of the world. Moreover, immigration has been increased a lot in the recent past because of globalization. Exchange of workforce between countries is a common thing nowadays because of globalization. In America, Middle East and European countries, manpower is extremely scarce and hence it is extremely expensive there. On the other hand, in India and China like countries manpower resources are abundant and hence it is cheap there. Globalization helps expensive labour oriented countries to utilize cheap labour force available in India and China like countries. In short, management of diverse workforce is essential in most of the international companies at present. This paper analyses management of diverse workforce by taking American company Apple Inc. as an example. ... Torrington (2011) pointed out that â€Å"Apple is currently facing lot of difficulties in its recruitments and selection processes. â€Å"The key difficulty in recruitment process is the lack of specialist skills in the labour market† (Torrington et al., 2011, p.43). America is a country which is labelled as an expensive labour oriented country. In other words labour costs in America are extremely high compared to the labour costs in other parts of the world. So, in a heavily competitive business world, it is difficult for Apple to manage their business functions with the help of locals alone. It is necessary for Apple to exploit the services of overseas workforce not only for their American operations but also for their international operations. Kirton & Greene (2005) mentioned that â€Å"Diversity exists among men and women of the same ethnic group. It also exists among women community as well as men community of the same ethnic group (Kirton & Greene, 2005, p.14). In othe r words, diverse workforce is not at all a term related to people from different cultures or communities. Diversity can exist even among domestic workforce since no two individuals are alike. So, managing diversity means managing individuals of different kind. â€Å"It can be the integration of different parts of an organization; it can be the issue of national culture within a multinational organization and it can be the development of equal opportunities† (Kandola and Fullerton, 1998, p.6). Even though Apple is keen in maintaining a diverse workforce, several overseas employees working in Apple has many complaints about the attitude of the company towards them. Many of the top managers in Apple Company behave like